UGC NET paper 1 Model exam 2024 Free Online

Evaluation results provide valuable feedback to teachers regarding the effectiveness of their teaching methods, the extent to which students have achieved the learning objectives, and areas where improvements may be needed. T

An asynchronous teaching aid is one that does not require participants to be present or engage in real-time interaction. Instead, it allows for communication and interaction to occur at different times.

The Hawthorne effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals modify their behavior or performance in response to being observed or receiving special attention, rather than in response to any specific treatment or intervention being studied. This effect can lead to changes in behavior that may not accurately reflect the true impact of the treatment being investigated.

Nominal numbers are used for identification or categorization purposes and do not imply any quantitative relationship between categories. They simply serve to label or classify items into distinct groups or types.

(i) Empiricism: The reliance on empirical evidence, which is evidence gathered through observation and experimentation.

(ii) Objectivity: The commitment to impartiality and neutrality in the collection and interpretation of data, minimizing bias and personal influence.

(iii) Systematic: The approach to research is systematic, involving structured and organized procedures for conducting studies, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.

(vi) Predictive: The scientific method often involves making predictions based on hypotheses and theories, and testing these predictions through experimentation or observation.

Formative assessment is conducted during the learning process to monitor student progress and understanding. Its primary purpose is to provide feedback that helps students identify areas of strength and areas needing improvement, thereby guiding their ongoing learning efforts. It is not focused on promoting students to the next level, forming groups, or comparing against standards or benchmarks, which are characteristics more commonly associated with summative assessment.

Prognostic tests are designed to forecast or predict future performance or outcomes, such as academic success. These tests are used to identify individuals who may face substantial difficulties in meeting academic goals and may benefit from additional support or intervention.

(i) Recognize their own and other people’s emotions: This is a fundamental aspect of emotional intelligence. Being able to identify and understand emotions, both in oneself and in others, is key to effective interpersonal interactions and self-awareness.

(iii) Use emotional information to guide thinking and behavior: Emotional intelligence involves using emotional cues and information to make decisions, solve problems, and interact with others in a constructive manner. It’s about integrating emotions into cognitive processes to inform behavior.

(v) Adjusting emotions to adapt to environments: Another important aspect of emotional intelligence is the ability to regulate and manage one’s own emotions in different situations. This involves adapting emotional responses to fit the demands of various environments and social contexts.

During poster sessions, researchers have the chance to interact with attendees, discuss their work in detail, answer questions, and receive feedback. This fosters interpersonal interactions and allows for more in-depth discussions compared to formal speeches or focus group discussions. While the display of common interest may occur through the posters themselves, the primary advantage lies in the direct interactions between presenters and attendees.

Addressing the nation on Independence Day 2019, Prime Minister Narendra Modi set a goal of providing tap water to every rural household by the year 2024 under the Jal Jeevan Mission.

The recommendation that “the ordinary amenities and decencies of life should be provided for women in colleges ordinarily planned for men and that there should be no curtailment of opportunities for women” is associated with the Radhakrishnan Commission, officially known as the University Education Commission (1948-1949). The commission was chaired by Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, and its recommendations played a significant role in shaping the education policy in India.

(A) Anumiti – Anumiti refers to inference or presumption based on a previous experience or knowledge. It involves making a logical deduction from what has been perceived before.

(B) Upamiti – Upamiti refers to analogy or comparison. It involves establishing a similarity between two things and drawing a conclusion based on that similarity.

(C) Agama – Agama generally refers to traditional knowledge or authoritative scripture in certain contexts.

(D) Pratyaksha – Pratyaksha refers to direct perception or immediate knowledge obtained through the senses.

In the context of the question, “Analogy roughly corresponds to,” the concept that aligns most closely with analogy is Upamiti. Analogy involves drawing a comparison between two things to highlight similarities and make an inference based on those similarities. Therefore, option (B) Upamiti is the appropriate choice.

The examples of a positive teacher-student relationship are typically characterized by open communication, mutual respect, support, and understanding. From the options provided:

(a) A teacher who punishes students for asking questions. (d) A teacher who humiliates his/her students. (e) A teacher who ignores the needs and concerns of his/her students.

These three options represent negative aspects of a teacher-student relationship. Punishing students for asking questions, humiliating them, or ignoring their needs and concerns are not indicative of a positive relationship.

The example “Alan is a father. Therefore, Alan is a male” is a deductive argument. In deductive reasoning, the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises. In this case, the premise “Alan is a father” implies that Alan must be male, as fathers are typically male.

The correct test to determine if an argument is deductive or inductive out of the options given is:

(B) The Strict necessity tests

This test focuses on whether the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises, which is a characteristic of deductive reasoning. In this example, the conclusion (Alan is a male) strictly follows from the premise (Alan is a father), making it a deductive argument.

These three are commonly associated with the orders of signification:

• Denotation refers to the literal, explicit meaning of a sign or symbol.
• Connotation involves the additional, often implied meanings and associations attached to a sign or symbol.
• Myth, in the context of semiotics, refers to the broader cultural or societal meanings and narratives associated with signs.

To determine how far apart A and B will be 45 minutes before they meet, we can use the relative speed concept.

The relative speed of A and B when moving towards each other is the sum of their individual speeds. In this case, it is $80\text{km/h}+40\text{km/h}=120\text{km/h}$.

Now, we need to find the distance they cover in 45 minutes (0.75 hours). The formula for distance is given by:

$\text{Distance}=\text{Speed}\times \text{Time}$

So, the distance they will cover is:

$\text{Distance}=120\text{km/h}\times 0.75\text{h}$

$\text{Distance}=90\text{km}$

Therefore, they will be 90 kilometers apart exactly 45 minutes before they meet.

Original statement: Some rectangles are not squares (I proposition)
Based on the square of opposition, the only proposition that can be immediately inferred to be false from the original statement is:

(A) All rectangles are squares (A proposition)
This is because the contradictory of an I proposition (Some S are not P) is the A proposition (All S are P). If the I proposition is true, then its contradictory must be false.

R is a free and open-source programming language and software environment specifically designed for statistical computing and graphics. It offers a vast array of packages and functionalities for data manipulation, analysis, visualization, and modeling, making it a popular choice for data scientists and researchers.

The quantity maxim specifically focuses on the appropriate amount of information conveyed in communication.

(a) Both are concerned with data reduction: Both methods involve processing and analyzing data to extract meaningful insights.
(b) Both are concerned with variation in data: Both approaches aim to understand the range and distribution of data points, whether numerical values in quantitative research or diverse perspectives and experiences in qualitative research.
(e) Both are concerned with answering research questions: Ultimately, both quantitative and qualitative research seek to answer specific questions about a phenomenon or topic.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) aims to promote sustainable development by translating the principles outlined in Agenda 21. Adopted at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit, Agenda 21 is a comprehensive blueprint for achieving sustainable development at the global, national, and local levels. It addresses various environmental, social, and economic issues, providing a framework for action across diverse sectors.

Schemas are mental frameworks that organize our knowledge and experiences about the world. They act as pre-existing structures that influence how we perceive, interpret, and remember new information.

A literature review is essential because it helps you:
(a) Understand existing knowledge in your research area.
(b) Develop an analytic framework by identifying key concepts and methodologies.
(c) Interpret your findings in the context of previous research.
(d) Identify gaps in the literature and potential research questions for future studies.

To find the sum of an arithmetic series, you can use the formula:

Sn=n/2(a1+a2)

Statement (I): The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were indeed primarily focused on addressing the needs of developing countries. Launched in 2000, they aimed to achieve significant progress in eight key areas like poverty reduction, hunger, education, and child mortality, specifically targeting developing nations.

Statement (II): The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which succeeded the MDGs in 2015, have a broader scope. They are a universal agenda applicable to all countries, regardless of their development status.

When the primary function of communication is to convey new information, it is referred to as the referential function. This function focuses on transmitting factual knowledge and objective data, aiming to establish a shared understanding between individuals. It’s distinct from other communication functions like expressing emotions, influencing opinions, or building relationships

If the universal affirmative statement “All apes are mammals” is true, then its contradictory, the particular negative statement “Some apes are not mammals,” must be false. Therefore, option (d) is false.
However, the universal negative statement “No apes are mammals” is not immediately inferable from the given true statement, so option (a) remains uncertain.

Semantic memory refers to a type of long-term memory that stores general knowledge, concepts, and facts about the world.

Statement (I) asserts that the National Accreditation Board, according to the NEP (National Education Policy) report of 2016, should oversee the accreditation process, establish standards, and provide guidelines.
Statement (II) states that the National Accreditation Board has the authority to license private agencies, preferably non-profit ones, to conduct evaluations of academic institutions.

Statement (I) is incorrect because SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) is not open-source software; it is proprietary software developed by IBM for statistical analysis. Statement (II) is incorrect because Turnitin is not a software for statistical data analysis; it is a plagiarism detection software commonly used in academia to check for the originality of written work.

Lord Auckland, in the context of education during the British colonial period, was known for supporting the establishment of central colleges. These central colleges were institutions that aimed to provide education in various disciplines and were often located in regions with a significant population.

A false dichotomy occurs when a situation is presented as having only two alternatives, even though there may be other options or possibilities that have not been considered.

The MDGs consist of 8 goals that were established by the United Nations to address various global challenges, including poverty, education, gender equality, health, and environmental sustainability.
The target for achieving the MDGs was set for the year 2015. They were launched in the year 2000 with a 15-year timeframe for accomplishment.

Constructionism emphasizes that social realities are not fixed or objective but are actively constructed by individuals and groups through their interactions, interpretations, and meanings they assign to various social phenomena. This perspective highlights the role of language, symbols, and social interactions in shaping and defining reality, suggesting that there are multiple interpretations and constructions of social phenomena rather than a single, objective truth.

Mirroring involves subtly imitating the gestures, body language, and expressions of another person, which can create a sense of rapport and trust. This mimicry often encourages the other person to feel more comfortable and open to influence, thereby increasing their compliance with the mirroring individual’s requests or suggestions.

To find the month with the least deviation from the average monthly expenses, we first need to calculate the average monthly expenses for the year.

Sum of monthly expenses = 16 + 19 + 18 + 23 + 24 + 28 + 26 + 19 + 19 + 22 + 20 + 18 = 252

Average monthly expenses = 252 / 12 = 21 ₹ (thousand)

Now, we’ll find the deviation of each month’s expenses from the average